Cultural Competence in Counseling - 1866 Words

Cultural competence and ethical responsibility of counselors is an issue that holds increasing importance. To be both multicultural and ethical is increasingly challenging. The population of the United States is changing quickly from a predominately white Caucasian society to an ethnically diverse society`. The Hispanic population, which represented only 9% of the population in 1990, is projected to increase to about 25% of the population by 2050. The number of African Americans, Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders, and American Indians/Eskimos/Aleuts will continue to increase as well (Aponte Wohl, 2000). It has been predicted that Whites, who made up three fourths of the U.S. population in 1990, will no longer be in the majority by the†¦show more content†¦This term refers to the cognizant appreciation of forces which impact the lives of racial/ethnic minorities on a daily basis. Accreditation guidelines for graduate training programs approved by the APA Counsel of Repres entatives (APA,1996). These guidelines include cultural and individual differences and diversity which addresses characteristics such as age, color, disabilities, ethnicity, gender, language, national origin, race, religion, sexual orientation, and social economic status ( ) The VISION model of culture for counselors argues that popular views of multiculturalism emphasize group differences attributable to race and ethnicity, by do not appreciate the diversity within the group. This model shifts from a group level abstraction to the individual. This approach fits the need for group and individualistic considerations for counseling ethnic groups. This model directs attention to an individuals thoughts, feelings, or actions. V- Value and belief systems form the principles for keeping individuals oriented in a changing world; individuals learn to structure their phenomenal world according to values and preferences. I- Internal responses to external stimuli in an individuals phenomenal world produces interactive learning S- Structuring of an individuals phenomenal world is built on values and beliefs, which generated appropriate strategies (goal-directed behaviors). I- InteractiveShow MoreRelatedThe Definition Of Multicultural Competence873 Words   |  4 PagesThe definition of multicultural competence means in part to approach the counseling process from the context of the personal culture of the client (Sue, Arrendondo McDavis, 1994; Sue Sue, 2007). Professional ethics compel counselors to ensure that their cultural values and biases do not override those of the client (ACA, 2005). The presenters shared personal examples of their individual cultures and how these impacted their personal and professional lives, including their professional self-awarenessRead MoreThe Ethical Issues Of Cultural Competence1406 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: CULTURAL COMPETENCE 1 Cultural Competence April Culberson Ethics in Psychology/PSY430 CULTURAL COMPETENCE 2 Abstract In this paper we will be using the â€Å"Course Case Study† to describe the ethical issues to cultural competence, we will look at the influence of personalRead MoreEthnolinguistics, Diversity, and Social Justice935 Words   |  4 Pagesdispositional, and cultural differences between many of the individuals in this society. In many cases (but not all) the view has been that society should learn to respect these differences as opposed to try to assimilate them (Nicholson Seidman, 1995). Cases where these differences should not receive respect and tolerance occur as in the case of incest, child abuse, cannibalism, or others similar practices that pray on the rights of other individuals. In the context of healthcare and counseling, the notionRead MoreWhat Does Diversity Do With Ethics?1075 Words   |  5 PagesWhat Does Diversity Have to Do with Ethics? When contemplating the subject of diversity in relation to ethics, several questions may arise for the first-year counseling student. These inquiries may be broad or rather specific. Primarily, one may wonder if the topic of diversity itself is such a significant subject that it is outlined in a code of ethics. Secondarily, if diversity is addressed, is it treated as a singular subject or broadly covered under an umbrella of principles? ConsequentlyRead MoreCae Study1207 Words   |  5 Pageshave been reported in relation to the psychology of Mexican Americans as well as other immigrant communities. Cristal is a 16-year-old Mexican American female. Cristal seems to be experiencing some distress in her life, which seems to stem from cultural conflict rather than inherent psychopathology. Cristal is struggling with the question of whether she should stay home and care for her mother and family or if she should go away to college. She feels that others don’t understand he r. This typeRead MoreA Cultural Competency Toolkit : Ten Grant Sites Share Lessons Learned ( 2001 ) Essay1264 Words   |  6 Pages Overall, the CLAS policy appears to be designed to address the needs of providing cultural competence to members of traditionally under-represented groups (e.g. African Americans, Hispanic Americans, homeless, etc.). The only recommendations that I would make would be that the policy provide clear guidelines on how to account for those who are of immigrant status for whom data may not be collected when assessing the effectiveness of the implementation of the standards. Also, thereRead MoreWhat I Believe Cultural Competence1344 Words   |  6 Pagessee it differently. And at times, we struggle to acknowledge other cultural differences, which intern leaves us to project and compare our perception of ourselves to others. Furthermore, this is why I believe cultural competence in psychology has the knowledge and skills to make a decision in someone else’s cultural context. Cultural competence in psychology has the knowledge and expertise to make a decision in someone else ’s cultural context. I’m a future provider of appropriate psychological servicesRead MoreReasons For Asian High School Students782 Words   |  4 Pagesto afford for college through merit-based financial aid in comparison to students who comes from middle to higher-income families. The second reason is because of their ethnicity. Which is why it is vital for school counselor to be multicultural competence and promote higher education for the Asian community. Within the Asian community, Hmong students are â€Å"among the poorest students, poorer than other immigrant and refugee students in the American educational system (Vang, 2005; as cited by Siu, 1996;Read MoreHow Can Multicultural Counseling Effect Both Counselors And Patients1291 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction †¢ II. How can multicultural counseling effect both counselors and patients o What can be learned from multicultural counseling o What benefits can one learned from multicultural counseling †¢ III Issues that can form from multicultural counseling †¢ Issues that counselors have from counseling other cultures †¢ Issues that patients have from counselors from other cultures †¢ IV. How can counseling change its ways to make a better experience Abstract Counseling seems like an easy process, justRead MoreExploratory Qualitative Research Paper1370 Words   |  6 PagesThrough exploratory qualitative research and measurable quantitative research, I will be discussing a final research document which will consider implications of how thought processes work as well as progression groups, and unique techniques through counseling will be applied to substance abuse, as well as addressing how the thought process works and how emotions play a large impact on personal recovery. In the Qualitative research article titled A Cognitive Behavioral Approach to Client Anxiety, Anger

The Effects Of Sexual Abuse On Children Essay - 1626 Words

It is difficult to comprehend that as advanced as human evolution has become there are individuals who act on horrible inexplicable instincts such as molesting a child or even to the point of sexually abusing a child. We as a society are constantly bombarded with reports of extreme sexual abuse cases of children and even infants. When we read or see a report of sexual abuse in the news the first thing that comes to mind is, what sick individual would think to do that to such an innocent child. More often than not the culprit ends up being an individual that fits the profile of a normal law abiding citizen that displays no signs of being a deranged abuser like what we typically see on television shows or movies. In most instances the abuser is a close friend or family member which can make things even more complicated and traumatic for a child. In addition and contrary to what most people believe sexual abuse can be very difficult to prove due to a variety of reasons. Along with the d ifficulty of proving that sexual abuse has occurred the trauma that is left on the child can affect their wellbeing as well as causing drastic short-term and long-term consequences. Because child abuse can be so traumatic it not only affects the wellbeing of the child but the entire family as well especially in instances where the abuser is a family member. As social workers and as students part of our profession is to protect the disadvantage and children is no exception. The social workShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Sexual Abuse On Children1441 Words   |  6 Pagesparent abuse something they created? A person that is abused feels alone because they do not have a real parent figure, nor a family member to talk to. Some parents claim they spank the child; however, hit the child more than once. Abused children not only experience the effects of the abuse in childhood, but it also becomes a lifelong battle into adulthood. There are several types of abuse; emotional abuse, neglect, physical abuse, family violence, sexual abuse, and organised sexual abuse (â€Å"Impact†Read MoreThe Effects Of Sexual Abuse On Children Essay1954 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Of the many problems faced by children and adolescents, few provoke such moral outrage as childhood sexual abuse. Many times, as on the television show â€Å"To Catch a Predator†, such abuse can be inflicted by strangers who may gradually become familiar with the child online. Sadly, however, often times the perpetrator of sexual abuse on children is someone much more familiar to the child- someone the child may even love. Sexual abuse can be hard to define because of the many differentRead MoreSexual Abuse And Its Effects On Children Essay3457 Words   |  14 PagesChild sexual abuse is any interaction between a child and an adult (or another child) in which the child is used for the sexual stimulation of the perpetrator or an observer. According to the Indian law, anybody below the age of 18 years is defined as a child. Child sexual abuse has long remained a topic of taboo, until recently where people have shown openness to be aware of its prevalence and its effects on children. People have found it difficult to acknowledge the fact that sexual abuse of childrenRead MoreSexual Abuse And Its Effect On Children Essay2449 Words   |  10 PagesChild sexual abuse is a subject that has received much attention in recent years and has caused some concern’s in our society. Sexual abuse is when one person dominates and exploits another person by the means of suggestion or sexual activity. This form of abuse continues to pose serious and pervasive mental health complications to the victim and their family. â€Å"There is increasing documentation that a child and adolescent victims of sexual abuse and their non-offending parents and siblings areRead MoreThe Effects of Sexual Abuse on Children4542 Words   |  18 PagesPediatricians see children as their patients and are therefore bound to come int o contact with child sexual abuse. Some of these children may have symptoms and signs, and if they have not disclosed the abuse they depend on a doctor to initiate concern about it. Both doctors and children will benefit from medical practice that accepts and recognizes a level of medical concern expressed in terms of reasonable medical certainty (Faller, 2009). A medical diagnosis of child sexual abuse can be a referenceRead MoreSexual Abuse And Its Effect On Children1517 Words   |  7 Pages In the state of California predatory offenses consist of sexual battery by restraint, misdemeanor child molestation, lewd and lascivious acts with a child under the age of 14 or 15, continuous abuse of a child, statutory rape, annoying a molested child under the age of 18, oral copulation, solicitation of a minor, continuous sexual abuse of a child, and lewd and lascivious of a child under the age of 14. Sexual crimes is one of the most world wide offense, and in California is no different fromRead MoreEffects Of Childhood Sexual Abuse On Children1282 Words   |  6 PagesChildhood Sexual Abuse is dependent in many ways depending on the type of and severity of the abuse. Some of these factors include: age of child when abuse first occurred, how long the abuse lasted, developmental stage of the child, relationship of the abuse to the child, whether forces was used to ensure the child’s participation, degree of shame or guilt experienced by the child, reaction of the child pa rent(s) and other professionals and other professionals if and when the child reveals the abuse orRead MoreChildhood Sexual Abuse And Its Effects On Children Essay1754 Words   |  8 Pages Childhood sexual abuse has long been researched for both its short-term and long-term effects on its victims. Sexual abuse is defined as any sexual act that is done on a child through coercion, and causes lasting psychological impact (Hall Hall, 2011). Given the importance of psychological development throughout childhood, sexual abuse can hinder the mental health of its victims through the occurrence of other psychiatric disorders. While children should be growing into mentally healthy adultsRead More Effects of Sexual Abuse on Children Essay2593 Words   |  11 PagesBrief Study of Sexual Abuse of Children and its Causes and Effects Sexual abuse of children and infants is sadly as universal and old as the human race itself. But it is only in recent years that much more attention has been paid to the pervasive instance of sexual abuse among children, the majority of which occurs in the family setting. Pedophiles usually manifest signs that are readily identified. Common signs are: repetitive conversations about the sexual activities of children or teens, andRead MoreThe Effects Of Childhood Sexual Abuse On Children1703 Words   |  7 Pageshave experience childhood sexual abuse by the time they are 18 years old. The effects of childhood sexual abuse can be long-lasting and is a huge public health problem. There is a belief that male victims of sexual abuse do not suffer from the same negative impact that female victims do and we, as a society seem to turn a blind eye and minimize the impact when it comes to male victims. However, there is empirical support that shows men, like women, who experience sexual assault may suffer from mental

Is the Customer “Always Right” Free Essays

Is The Customer â€Å"Always Right†? Abstract The customer is always right. It is the merchant’s wealth to safeguard the interests of customers. Many sellers think that some the customer is unreasonable and vulgar. We will write a custom essay sample on Is the Customer â€Å"Always Right† or any similar topic only for you Order Now Customer is always right for three reasons. First, the customer is always right is not the criterion of distinguished between right and wrong but is the criteria of the service work because the focus of the work is how to help customers make the right choices, and how to provide good service to customers. Next, understand the psychology of the customer can help employees easily cope with them. It is can make the seller better serving the customers and make customers to have a higher level of satisfaction. Finally, allowing guests to be picky, can improve the quality of companies and salespeople. The example of Apple and Nokia demonstrates that picky customers can make the seller better serving the customers and make customers to have a higher level of satisfaction. The survival and development of enterprises rely on the trust and support of the customer. Like Zhang (as cited in Gluckman, the last paraphrase 2012) said â€Å"we will always be wrong†. So we will do better! Is The Customer â€Å"Always Right†? The customer is always right. Many people don’t think so, because when customers walk into a store, the clerk gives many different kinds of merchandise for them to choose from. However some customers will complain about the products. Some sellers think that some customers are picky and unreasonable. Nevertheless, no matter what kinds of the customers go into the store, regardless of the attitudes and tempers, they are â€Å"Gods†, since they bring large amount of profit for the business. Therefore, customer is always right and I have three reasons. First of all, the customer is always right† is the goal of service work, not distinguishing between right and wrong. Also, the slogan â€Å"the customer is always right† can be seen in many companies. However many people do not understand it or misunderstand the original meaning of this slogan. â€Å"The customer is always right† is not to judge the rights and wrongs of the matter. It means that companies to do their utmost best to create a good environment for the customers make guests to enjoy quality service, and to ensure the quests feel they have received good value no matter when and where. As Ray Miller (2012) stated, â€Å"It does not matter who is right and who is wrong†. For this sentence a customer may have his or her own ideas, and maybe these ideas are wrong or misguided. If pointed out that the customer is wrong, it will make things worse! Do not need to care about right and wrong with customers as a service industry. How to help customers make the right choices, and how to provide good service to customers that is the focus of service work. Secondly, understanding the psychology of the customer can help employees easily cope with them, but how do they cope when the customer is picky? When customers walk into a store, the clerk take out the merchandise give him the choice, more than half of customers are very critical. Frequently, customers don’t want to buy something maybe have three reasons: show off own appreciative, looking for an excuse to demand for lower prices and thinking it’s too expensive, as a reason of do not buy it. Understanding these reasons, employees can more easily seel products. Actually, a salesman usually has three purposes: he or she hopes the transaction is successful, hopes customers come again, and hopes the customers to introduce other customers to the business, because a friendly staff. Therefore, understanding customer psychology is a discipline. Serving customers as serving themselves, therefor they can provide a higher level of satisfaction. Finally, allowing guests to be picky, can improve the quality of companies and salespeople because many good advises from some customers. By contrast, Xiaoyao (2102) noted in â€Å"The difference between Apple and Nokia† that ten years ago, Nokia mobile phone sold was first place staler. With the advancement of technology people’s requirements is also rising. Because of the discerning of customers, Apple innovate their products to satisfy a client’s needs. However, Nokia did not think that this is important. So, Apple exceeded Nokia less than a decade. Even though some vulgar and unreasonable customer think they always right, a simple philosophy said by Zhang (Gluckman, 2012): â€Å"we always think we are wrong and only take the customer’s need as right† can impel company carry on realistic reason of social activities is society advance and power that develop. In a highly competitive market, customers have a wide right of freedom choice and to purchase the commodity. In fact, the customer also can fire anyone in the company, because they can spend money in other places that make customer like a boss. In my opinion, the customer is a consumer of goods and services and is the foundation source of enterprise. The survival and development of enterprises rely on the trust and support of the customer. Therefore, business should consider the issue from the customer’s point of view and it’s crucial to put customer’s satisfaction and their interests at first stage. Following this standard will improve sales and our profits. In other words, there would be no profit if on customers bought products. Hence, taking care of the interests of the guests is to take care of the business own interests. As Zhang (Gluckman, 2012) said â€Å"we will always be wrong†. So we will do better! Reference Miller, R. (2012). Is the customer always right? Retrieved from http://www. thetrainingbank. com/article_is_the_customer_always_right. htm Gluckman, R. (2012). Every Customer Is Always Right. Forbes, 189(9), 38-40. Xiaoyao (2010,7). The difference between Apple and Nokia Retrieved from http://www. williamlong. info/archives/2236. html ———————– 1 How to cite Is the Customer â€Å"Always Right†, Papers

Early Childhood Education Culture and Social Interaction

Question: Discuss about the Early Childhood Education Culture and Social Interaction. Answer: Play in early childhood The "play" is a crucial factor in children's daily life and early childhood learning. Many oppose the concept of play in early life education as it seems vague and invalid to them. However, play is an essential element in early childhood education program, and it is necessary to have a valid policy or thorough rationale for incorporating play into the indoor or outdoor environment (Johnson et al., 2013). As an early childhood professional, I have to educate the group of Singaporean parents who have no idea about the importance of children's play in the development of infants and toddlers. As parents have different perception and ideas about play, it is necessary to engage them in a conversation and educate them about cultural practices that may affect the play. Hence, the focus of this report is to explain the Singaporean parents about the importance of culture in play. It also highlights the five specific ways by which family practice can affect childrens play. Different concepts of play in early childhood There are different concepts of play in early life and their role in children development. Bretherton (2014) mentions that play activities that children in engaging in childhood center should be regarded as work activities because it gives a child the opportunity to explore and construct basic thought and get exposed to the most basic form of problem solving. This is because each activity in the early childcare center is included in the curriculum after analyzing it benefit on social, emotional and intellectual development. According to Piaget who proposed the theory of cognitive development in children, intellectual growth in children occurs through the process of assimilation, accommodation, and equilibration. Equilibrium is achieved in learning when a child's schema easily understands new information through the assimilation process (Shaffer Kipp, 2013).Hart, (2013) expanded Piagets view by stating that explorative and imitative play is response oriented which ease the assimilati on and accommodation process in children. Hence play helps a child to adapt to experience and learn along the process. Importance of culture in young childrens play Currently, with the rise of internet and other technology, parents are engaging children mostly in outdoor activities. Culture also plays an important role in childrens play, and parents seem to engage their infants and toddlers in different play activities according to their cultural preferences. The cultural norms and family values are also reflected in the type of play that a child engages in daily life (Greene, 2013). As a childhood professional, I can say that type of play can differ according to culture and socioeconomic status and hence parents must clearly analyze what aspects of the culture they want their child to acquire through early childhood play. The main advice for parents to understand the importance of culture in young children's play is to understand the dynamics of their culture and its influence on children's play. From the opinion of the group of Singaporean parents regarding children play, it is evident that the type of play differs according to culture and socioeconomic status of parents. People from the different culture may interpret children's play in different ways. Different cultures shape the personality of a person. For example, a person born in a nuclear family develops the attitude of individualism and such parents may engage children in lone play or expose them to computer games or latest gadgets so that they remain confined within themselves (Boyette, 2016). Hence, the cultural mindset of each individual will have an impact on the parent's approach and description of play phenomena. It is this mindset which helps parents interacts with children during play. On the other hand, a child born in an extended or multigenerational family is more likely to engage in participative play which influences their learning process in a different way altogether (Milteer et al., 2012). Hence influence of culture in children play will lead to a development of individual values and perception of autonomy in children. Therefore with the change in culture, the categories of childs play with differ and it will lead to different social maturity in children. It is necessary that parents understand the cultural dynamic in play to develop their child effectively in the early phase of life. Five ways by which cultural (including family) practices affect very young childrens play Young childrens play may be affected by cultural practices in many ways. These are as follows: Play gives the chance to recreate the cultural environment and values: Play has been an important part of every society, and different cultural values interfere differently with play. It gives the child the opportunity to recreate their cultural environment. This can be demonstrated through play activities in different cultural context. It also has the impact on the frequency and nature of children's play. For example in rural society, children play without any supervision and tend to engage in pretend play with stones and plants. On the other hand, urban children in cities tend to play more with manufactured toys or in small activities in kindergarten. The theme of play also tends to change for girls and boys according to the different culture. Many parents tend to classify the appropriateness of play for girls and boys according to different cultural preference and gender roles in society. Hence, social environment affects the frequency and the nature of play activities in children . Time spent in play differs according to different cultural context In low-income families; children spent less time in play activities compared to financially stable family. Less time in play affects the degree of realism in children. Children in the poor family are often exposed to the different age group of children during play activities. However, children in urban cities mainly get to interact with same age children in early child care center only. Hence, they have limited access to active and free play activities (Buckingham, 2013). Impact on parent-child bonding due to play: Play is critical to social, cognitive and physical development in very young children. It helps them to develop resilience and learn the ways of negotiating and cooperating with others. Play activities also expose a child to some form of challenges and let them develop the skill of overcoming challenges in life (Richter, 2015). It also gives the parents the opportunity to develop bonding with the child and to see the world according to the vision of the child. This may also help in identifying any negative thought process in child and removing those thoughts through play learning. A study investigating specifically on the importance of play in children in poverty showed that socioeconomic obstacles in parent's life impede such children of the chance to have adequate play time in life (Milteer et al., 2012). As a child care educator, I would advise all parents irrespective of their financial status to understand the importance of the life-long benefits of play and engage them in minim um play activities as far as possible (Dixon et al., 2014). The impact of cross-cultural perspectives on childrens play: Different culture interprets child's play in different ways. For example, ethnic culture families tend to separate play from academic activities, and they do not regard play as part of learning process. This kind of thinking pattern in parents means that children spent very little time in learning through play. On the other hand, in western culture families such as in Italy and US, little distinction is made between play and other activities of a child. Parents of such culture are of the opinion that experiences in play lead to an intellectual and physical development of the child and hence, it has the impact on acquiring other academic skills in life. Therefore a child born in such family is likely to engage more in learning through play and gaining new knowledge in the process (McBride, 2015). The impact of engaging in different nature of play according to cultural practices: Some parents and early child care settings often engage parents in digital play. The motive behind this differs according to cultural context. They are of the opinion that this kind of exposure to digital technology and video programs expose a child to the new way of perceiving and analyzing the activities in society. Child care center experts have demonstrated that video observations in children help in creating new demands and orient their thought according to the different situation. It helps in recollection of memories of thoughts and helps a child to distinguish between imaginary situation and real world situation. This gives the child the opportunity to develop concrete thoughts and idea (Fleer, 2014). On the other hand, outdoor play for children has been found to lead to the better expression of feelings and action in children. A parent who wants to their children to be socially interactive and develop good communication skill engages child in such play activities. By family p ractices, parents determine the safety and the level of supervision to be given to a child. Outdoor activities lead to the motor development and risk-taking attitude in children. Many parents also engage the child in outdoor activities to remove habits of excessive TV use in children and develop healthy habits (Sugiyama et al., 2012). References Boyette, A. H. (2016). Children's play and culture learning in an egalitarian foraging society.Child development,87(3), 759-769. Bretherton, I. (Ed.). (2014).Symbolic play: The development of social understanding. Academic Press. Buckingham, D. (2013).Beyond technology: Children's learning in the age of digital culture. John Wiley Sons. Dixon, S., Tronick, E., Keefer, C., Brazelton, T. B. (2014). Mother-infant interaction among the Gusii of Kenya.Culture and early interactions (psychology revivals), 149-169. Fleer, M. (2014). The demands and motives afforded through digital play in early childhood activity settings.Learning, Culture and Social Interaction,3(3), 202-209. Greene, S. (2013). Old themes and new directions.The infant and family in the twenty-first century, 173. Hart, R. A. (2013).Children's participation: The theory and practice of involving young citizens in community development and environmental care. Routledge. Johnson, J., Celik, S., Al-Mansour, M. O. N. I. R. A. H. (2013). Play in early childhood education.Handbook of Research on the Education of Young Children, 3rd ed. New York: Routledge, 265-274. McBride, C. (2015).Children's Literacy Development: A Cross-cultural Perspective on Learning to Read and Write. Routledge. Milteer, R. M., Ginsburg, K. R., Mulligan, D. A., Ameenuddin, N., Brown, A., Christakis, D. A., ... Levine, A. E. (2012). The importance of play in promoting healthy child development and maintaining strong parent-child bond: Focus on children in poverty.Pediatrics,129(1), e204-e213. Richter, L. (2015). The importance of caregiver-child interactions for the survival and healthy development of young children: a review. Shaffer, D. R., Kipp, K. (2013).Developmental psychology: Childhood and adolescence. Cengage Learning. Sugiyama, T., Okely, A. D., Masters, J. M., Moore, G. T. (2012). Attributes of child care centers and outdoor play areas associated with preschoolers physical activity and sedentary behavior.Environment and Behavior,44(3), 334-349.